Gilead Sciences Acquires TREX1 Cancer Program from Sprint Bioscience in $400M Deal

Gilead Sciences has made a significant move in the oncology space, acquiring an early-stage TREX1 cancer program from Swedish biotech Sprint Bioscience. The deal, announced on November 24, 2025, involves an upfront payment of $14 million to Sprint Bioscience, with the potential for up to $400 million in additional milestone payments.

TREX1 Program Shows Promise in Preclinical Studies

The TREX1 program, which has demonstrated potential in preclinical phases, targets the TREX1 protein. Research has shown a correlation between elevated levels of this protein and poor survival outcomes in certain cancer types. Sprint Bioscience shared preclinical data last year, revealing improved immune responses and reduced tumor growth in animal models of colorectal cancer following oral administration of the candidate.

Sprint Bioscience CEO Johan Emilsson commented on the deal, stating, "TREX1 has demonstrated significant potential in the pre-clinical phase, and our decision to sell the program, rather than license it, reflects a strategic shift toward more flexible, value-driven exit opportunities."

Strategic Implications for Both Companies

For Gilead Sciences, this acquisition represents a further expansion of its oncology portfolio. The company has been actively pursuing innovative cancer therapies, and the TREX1 program aligns with its focus on immuno-oncology.

Sprint Bioscience, on the other hand, is repositioning its strategy. By selling the program outright rather than licensing it, the company aims to create more flexible exit opportunities for its pipeline assets. This move could provide Sprint Bioscience with immediate capital to fund other research programs while still maintaining the potential for significant returns through milestone payments.

Future Development and Potential Applications

The TREX1 program was initially developed with the goal of enhancing the efficacy of various cancer treatments, including immuno-oncology therapy, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. As Gilead takes the reins of the program, it will be interesting to see how the company integrates this asset into its existing oncology research and development efforts.

While Gilead has declined to comment further on the deal, the substantial biobucks attached to the agreement suggest high expectations for the program's potential. As the TREX1 candidate progresses through clinical development, the industry will be watching closely to see if it can deliver on its early promise and potentially provide new treatment options for cancer patients.